مروری برمحدودیت¬ها و چالش¬های توسعه ی پایدار رزینهای اپوکسی از دیدگاه زیست محیطی و انرژی و راه¬حل های آن¬ها
محورهای موضوعی : پلیمرهای بازیافتی و مدیریت زباله
علی کرد دزفولی
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فاطمه رفیع منزلت
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1 - گروه آموزشی شیمی پلیمر، دانشکده شیمی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران
2 - گروه شیمی پلیمر، دانشکده شیمی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران
کلید واژه: رزین اپوکسی, انرژی, ترکیبات غیرسمی, توسعه پایدار, بازیافت,
چکیده مقاله :
رزینهای اپوکسی به دلیل داشتن خواص متنوع یکی از پرکاربردترین پلیمرهای گرماسخت در صنایع مختلف و استفاده روزمره هستند. با توجه به افزایش تولید سالیانه و بازار این رزین؛ نیاز به بررسی برخی چالشهای موجود و یافتن راهحلهای صحیح برای برطرف کردن این چالشها است. از جمله چالشهای این پلیمر؛ وجود برخی مونومرها و عامل‌های پخت سمی در ساختار، مصرف انرژی و زمان بالا برای پخت و مساله بازیافت بهینه میباشد. به عنوان مثال ایجاد سمیت در محیط های آبی توسط رزین های ضد خوردگی اپوکسی، صرف انرژی به دلیل مدت‌زمان طولانی جهت پخت و همچنین دمای بالا برای پخت، و عدم امکان بازیافت محیط دوستانه و به صرفه آنها با توجه به ترموست بودن آنها را می توان ذکر کرد .استفاده از مونومرها و عوامل پخت پایه زیستی و روشهای جایگزین برای پختهای سنتی، مانند پخت نوری و پخت به کمک واکنش‌های اکسایش – کاهش، استفاده از فعال کنندههای زیستسازگار، و منابع انرژی جدید، برای پخت سریعتر و در دمای کمتر، همچنین استفاده از میکروارگانیسمها برای بازیافت بدون صرف انرژی و به خطر افتادن محیط‌زیست، سنتز رزینهای تجدید پذیر، در کنار ساخت رزینهای اپوکسی با پیوندهای دینامیکی میتواند راه‌حل بهینه با افزایش کارایی و جلوگیری از آلودگی محیط‌زیست و انسان باشد.
Epoxy resins are among the most widely used thermosetting polymers in various industries and everyday applications due to their diverse properties. As the annual production and market demand for these resins continue to rise, it becomes increasingly important to address the challenges associated with their use and find effective solutions. Key challenges include the presence of toxic monomers and curing agents, high energy consumption during the curing process, and difficulties in recycling. For example, the toxicity of epoxy anti-corrosion resins can have detrimental effects on aquatic ecosystems. Additionally, the long curing times and elevated temperatures required for these resins lead to significant energy consumption. The thermosetting nature of epoxy resins also complicates recycling efforts, making it difficult to find environmentally friendly and cost-effective methods. To overcome these challenges, the use of bio-based monomers and curing agents is essential. Alternative curing methods, such as photocuring and oxidation-reduction reactions, can also be explored. Utilizing biocompatible activators and innovative energy sources can facilitate faster curing at lower temperatures. Furthermore, employing microorganisms for recycling can help minimize energy waste and reduce environmental impact. The synthesis of renewable resins, along with the development of epoxy resins featuring dynamic bonds, presents an optimal solution. This approach not only increases efficiency but also helps mitigate pollution risks to both the environment and human health, paving the way for a more sustainable future.
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