ارتباط مقتضیات كار، راهبردهای کنترلیِ اشتياق به هدف، و مؤلفة عاطفة مثبتِ بهزیستی روانی
الموضوعات : psychology
1 - دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران
الکلمات المفتاحية: تقاضاهاي مرتبط با كار, اشتياق به هدف, راهبردهاي كنترلي, عاطفه مثبت,
ملخص المقالة :
هدف پژوهش حاضر بر بررسی تأثیرات مقتضیات کاریِ ناشی از تغییر در ساختارهای صنعتی (کوچکسازی) متمرکز شده است. بهدلیل موقعیت تغییر، برنامهریزی برای مسیر شغلی کارکنان دشوارتر میگردد و عدم اطمینان حاصله، خلق مثبت آنان را تضعیف میکند. شرکتکنندگان این پژوهش 715 نفر از کارکنان یک شرکت صنعتی بودند که به صورت تصادفی انتخاب شدند و به ابزارهای پژوهش یعنی مقیاسهای مقتضیات کاریِ ادراکشده، راهبردهای کنترلی، و عاطفة مثبت پاسخ دادند. یافتهها نشان دادند که شاغلانِ پاسخ دهنده، اگر سطوح بالاتری از مقتضیات کاری را گزارش دهند خلقِ مثبت کمتری نشان میدهند، و اینکه اشتیاق به هدف، باعث القای خلق مثبت میگردد اما، نمیتواند مانع اثرات مقتضیات کاری ادراکشده بر خلق مثبت شود.
المصادر:
بيانی، علیاصغر، گودرزی، حسنيه، و محمدکوچکی، عاشور (1388). رابطۀ ابعاد بهزيستی روانشناختی و سلامت عمومی در دانشجويان دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد آزاد شهر (86 ـ 1385). دانش و پژوهش در روانشناسی، 35 و 36، 164-153.
گال، مردیت، بورگ، والتر و گال، جویس (1384). روش¬های تحقیق کمّی و کیفی در علوم تربیتی و روان¬شناسی (ترجمه احمدرضا نصر و همکاران). تهران: ذره. (تاریخ انتشار به زبان اصلی 1996).
راث¬ول، ويليام جی (1384). برنامه¬ريزی جانشينی موثر: حصول اطمينان از تداوم رهبری و پرورش استعدادها از درون سازمان (ترجمه احمدرضا حراف). تهران: شرکت ملی پتروشيمی ايران. (تاریخ انتشار به زبان اصلی2006).
عریضی، حمیدرضا؛ ناصری، علی، و عسگری، آزاده (1389). نقش عاطفه مثبت در رابطه ميان عاطفه منفی با درد و استرس در زنان شاغل. مجله علمی ـ پژوهشی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مازندران، 20، 63-55.
Akerboom, S., & Maes, S. (2006). Beyond demand and control: The contribution of organizational risk factors in assessing the psychological well-being of health care employees. Work and Stress, 20, 21-36.
Arbuckle, J. L. (2005). Amos 6.0 User’s Guide. Chicago: SPSS, Inc.
Argyle, M. (2001). The Psychology of Happiness. New York: Taylor & Francis.
Bentler, P. M., & Bonett, D. G. (1980). Significance tests and goodness of fit in the analysis of covariance structures. Psychological Bulletin, 88, 588- 606.
Beham, B., Drobnic, S., & Präg, P. (2011). Work demands and resources and the work–family interface: Testing a salience model on German service sector employees. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 78, 110-122.
Benach, J., & Muntaner, C. (2007). Precarious employment and health: Developing a research agenda. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 61, 276-277.
Bentler, P. M., & Bonett, D. G. (1980). Significance tests and goodness of fit in analysis of covariance structures. Psychological Bulletin, 88, 588-606.
Browne, M. W., & Cudeck, R. (1993). Alternative ways of assessing model fit. In K. A. Bollen and J. S. Long (Eds.), Testing structural equation models (pp.136-162). Newby Park, CA: Sage.
Cascio, W. F. (1993). Downsizing: What do we know? What have we learned. Academy of Management Executive, 7, 95-104.
Casio, W. F., & Aguinis, H. (2005). Applied psychology in human resource management (sixth edition). NJ: Prentice Hall.
Chang, E. S., Chen, C., Greenberger, E., Dooley, D., & Heckhausen J. (2006). What do they want in life? The life goals of a multi-ethnic, multi-generational sample of highschool seniors. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 35, 321-332.
Clark, A., Knabe, A., & Rätzel, S. (2010). Boon or bane? Others' unemployment,
well-being and job insecurity. Labour Economics, 17, 52-61.
Cohen, J., Cohen, P., West, S. G., & Aiken, L. (2003). Applied multiple regression correlation analysis for behavior sciences (3rd ed.). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
Cohen, P. (2007). Power analysis for behavioral sciences (fifth Ed). New York and Londin: Academic Press.
De Witte, H. (2005). Job insecurity: eview of the international literature on definitions, prevalence, antecedents and consequences: SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 31, 1-6.
Diener, E., Oishi, S., & Lucas, R. E. (2002). Subjective well-being: The
science of happiness and life satisfaction. In C. R. Snyder & S. J. Lopez (Ed.s), Handbook of positive psychology. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Diener, E. D., Suh, E. M., Lucas, R. E., & Smith, H. L. (1999). Subjective well-being: Three decades of progress. Psychological Bulletin, 125, 276-302.
Green, F. (2011). Unpacking the misery multiplier: How employability modifies the impacts of unemployment and job insecurity on life satisfaction and mental health. Journal of Health Economics, 30, 265-276.
Haase, C. M., Heckhausen, J., & Köller, O. (2011). Goal engagement during the school-to-work transition: Beneficial for all, particularly for girls. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 18, 671-698.
Haase, C.M., Heckhausen, J., Köller, O. (2009). Goal engagement in the school-to-work transition: Beneficial for all, particularly for girls. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 17, 671-698.
Hackman, J. R., & Oldham, G. R. (1975). Development of the Job Diagnostic Survey. Journal of Applied Psychology, 60, 159-170.
Hackman, J. R., & Oldham, G. R. (1980). Work redesign. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
Heckhausen, J. (2000).Evolutionary perspectives on human motivation. American Behavioral Scientist, 43, 1015-1029.
Heckhausen, J., & Schulz, R. (1995). A life span theory of control. Psychological
Review, 102, 284-304.
Heckhausen, J. (1997). Developmental regulation across adulthood: Primary and secondary control of age-related challenges. Developmental Psychology, 33, 176-187.
Heckhausen, J. (1999). Developmental regulation in adulthood: Age-normative and sociostructural constraints as adaptive challenges. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Heckhausen, J., & Schulz, R. (1999). The primacy of primary control is a human universal: A reply to Gould`s (1999) critique of life-span theory of control. Psychological Review, 106, 605-609.
Karasek, R., Kawakami N., Brisson, C., Houtman, I. L. D., Bongers, P. M., & Amick, B. (1998). The Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ): An instrument for internationally comparative assessments of psychosocial job characteristics, Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 3, 322-355.
Kempen, G. I. J. M., Ranchor, A. V., Ormel, J., Van Sonderen, E., Van Jaarsveld, C. H. M., & Sanderman, R. (2005). Perceived control and long-term changes in disability in late middle-aged and older persons: An eight-year follow-up study. Psychology and Health, 20, 193-206.
Klehe, U. C., Zikic, J., Van Vianen, A. E. M. & De Pater, I. E. (2011). Career adaptability, turnover and loyalty during organizational downsizing. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 79, 217-229.
Korner, A., Reitzle, M., & Silbereisen, R. K. (2011). Work-related demands and life satisfaction: The effects of engagement and disengagement among employed and long-term unemployed people. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80, 187-196.
Korner, A., Silbereisen, R. K., & Canter, U. (2012). Work-related demands emanating from social change and their relation to trait-like and occasion specific aspect of subjective well-being. Social Indicators Research, 110, 326-337.
Lawshe, C. H. (1975). A quantitative approach to content validity. Personnel Pychology, 28, 563-575.
Parkes, R. (1990). Coping, negative affectivity, and the work environment; Additive and interactive predictors of mental health. The Journal of
Applied Psychology, 75, 399-409.
Pinquart, M., Silbereisen, R. K., & Körner, A. (2009). A perceived work-related demands associated with social change, control strategies, and psychological well-being. European Psychologist, 14, 207-209.
Pomaki, G., Karoly, P., & Maes, S. (2009).Linking goal progress to subjective well-being at work: The moderating role of goal-related self-efficacy and attainability. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 14, 206-18.
Roeser, R. W., Strobel, K. R. & Quihuis, G. (2002). Studying early adolescents' academic motivation, social-emotional functioning, and engagement in learning: Variable- and person-centered approaches.
Anxiety, Stress & Coping, 15, 345-368.
Ron, P. (2008). Relations between work stressors and well-being among nursing assistants in nursing homes. Aging Clinical Experimental Research, 20, 359-67.
Ryan, M. R., & Deci, E. L. (2000).Self-determination theory and the facilitation intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American Psychologist, 55, 68-78.
Salmela-Aro, K., & Nurmi, J. E. (2004). Employees' motivational orientation and well-being at work: A person-oriented approach. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 17, 471-489.
Schmits, L. (2006). A tool for cluster development: An Edmonton Manufacturing Cluster Development Case Study, 2nd edition, Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Silbereisen, R. K., Pinquort, M., Reitzel, M., Tomasik, M. J., Fabel, K., & Grumer, S. (2006). Psychological resource and coping with change. Mitteilungendes SFB, 580, 1-27.
Souza, M. D, Mussap, A. J., & Cummins R. A. ( 2010).Primary and secondary control over eating behaviors. Eating Behaviors, 11, 223-230.
Spreitzer, G. M., & Mishra, A. K. (2002). To stay or to go: Voluntary survivor turnover following an organizational downsizing. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 23, 707-729.
Tuominen-Soini, H., Salmela-Aro, K., & Niemivirta, M. (2008). Achievement goal orientations and subjective well-being: A person-
centred analysis. Learning and Instruction, 18, 251-266.
Van der Hulst, M., Van Veldhoven, M., & Beckers, D. (2006). Overtime and need for recovery in relation to job demands and job control. Journal of Occupational Health, 48, 11-19.
Vanroelen, C., Levecque, K., Moors, G., Gadeyne, S., & Louckx, F. (2009). The structuring of occupational stressors in a Post-Fordist work environment: Moving beyond traditional accounts of demand, control, and support. Social Science and Medicine, 68, 1082-1090.
Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS
scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54, 1063-1070.
Wrosch, C., Heckhausen, J. (1999). Control process before and after passing a developmental deadline: Activation and deactivation of intimate relationship goals. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77, 415-427.
Wrosch, C., Schulz, R., & Heckhausen, J. (2004). Health stresses and depressive symptomatology in the elderly: control-process approach. American Psychological Society, 13, 17-20.
Wrosch, C., Scheier, M. F., Miller, G. E., Schulz, R., & Carver, C. S. (2003). Adaptive self-regulation of unattainable goals: Goal disengagement, goal reengagement, and subjective well-being. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 29, 1494-1508.
Wrosch, C., Schulz, R., & Heckhausen, J. (2002). Health stresses and depressive symptomatology in the elderly: The importance of health engagement control strategies. Health Psychology, 21, 340-348.
بيانی، علیاصغر، گودرزی، حسنيه، و محمدکوچکی، عاشور (1388). رابطۀ ابعاد بهزيستی روانشناختی و سلامت عمومی در دانشجويان دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد آزاد شهر (86 ـ 1385). دانش و پژوهش در روانشناسی، 35 و 36، 164-153.
گال، مردیت، بورگ، والتر و گال، جویس (1384). روش¬های تحقیق کمّی و کیفی در علوم تربیتی و روان¬شناسی (ترجمه احمدرضا نصر و همکاران). تهران: ذره. (تاریخ انتشار به زبان اصلی 1996).
راث¬ول، ويليام جی (1384). برنامه¬ريزی جانشينی موثر: حصول اطمينان از تداوم رهبری و پرورش استعدادها از درون سازمان (ترجمه احمدرضا حراف). تهران: شرکت ملی پتروشيمی ايران. (تاریخ انتشار به زبان اصلی2006).
عریضی، حمیدرضا؛ ناصری، علی، و عسگری، آزاده (1389). نقش عاطفه مثبت در رابطه ميان عاطفه منفی با درد و استرس در زنان شاغل. مجله علمی ـ پژوهشی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مازندران، 20، 63-55.
Akerboom, S., & Maes, S. (2006). Beyond demand and control: The contribution of organizational risk factors in assessing the psychological well-being of health care employees. Work and Stress, 20, 21-36.
Arbuckle, J. L. (2005). Amos 6.0 User’s Guide. Chicago: SPSS, Inc.
Argyle, M. (2001). The Psychology of Happiness. New York: Taylor & Francis.
Bentler, P. M., & Bonett, D. G. (1980). Significance tests and goodness of fit in the analysis of covariance structures. Psychological Bulletin, 88, 588- 606.
Beham, B., Drobnic, S., & Präg, P. (2011). Work demands and resources and the work–family interface: Testing a salience model on German service sector employees. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 78, 110-122.
Benach, J., & Muntaner, C. (2007). Precarious employment and health: Developing a research agenda. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 61, 276-277.
Bentler, P. M., & Bonett, D. G. (1980). Significance tests and goodness of fit in analysis of covariance structures. Psychological Bulletin, 88, 588-606.
Browne, M. W., & Cudeck, R. (1993). Alternative ways of assessing model fit. In K. A. Bollen and J. S. Long (Eds.), Testing structural equation models (pp.136-162). Newby Park, CA: Sage.
Cascio, W. F. (1993). Downsizing: What do we know? What have we learned. Academy of Management Executive, 7, 95-104.
Casio, W. F., & Aguinis, H. (2005). Applied psychology in human resource management (sixth edition). NJ: Prentice Hall.
Chang, E. S., Chen, C., Greenberger, E., Dooley, D., & Heckhausen J. (2006). What do they want in life? The life goals of a multi-ethnic, multi-generational sample of highschool seniors. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 35, 321-332.
Clark, A., Knabe, A., & Rätzel, S. (2010). Boon or bane? Others' unemployment,
well-being and job insecurity. Labour Economics, 17, 52-61.
Cohen, J., Cohen, P., West, S. G., & Aiken, L. (2003). Applied multiple regression correlation analysis for behavior sciences (3rd ed.). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
Cohen, P. (2007). Power analysis for behavioral sciences (fifth Ed). New York and Londin: Academic Press.
De Witte, H. (2005). Job insecurity: eview of the international literature on definitions, prevalence, antecedents and consequences: SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 31, 1-6.
Diener, E., Oishi, S., & Lucas, R. E. (2002). Subjective well-being: The
science of happiness and life satisfaction. In C. R. Snyder & S. J. Lopez (Ed.s), Handbook of positive psychology. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Diener, E. D., Suh, E. M., Lucas, R. E., & Smith, H. L. (1999). Subjective well-being: Three decades of progress. Psychological Bulletin, 125, 276-302.
Green, F. (2011). Unpacking the misery multiplier: How employability modifies the impacts of unemployment and job insecurity on life satisfaction and mental health. Journal of Health Economics, 30, 265-276.
Haase, C. M., Heckhausen, J., & Köller, O. (2011). Goal engagement during the school-to-work transition: Beneficial for all, particularly for girls. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 18, 671-698.
Haase, C.M., Heckhausen, J., Köller, O. (2009). Goal engagement in the school-to-work transition: Beneficial for all, particularly for girls. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 17, 671-698.
Hackman, J. R., & Oldham, G. R. (1975). Development of the Job Diagnostic Survey. Journal of Applied Psychology, 60, 159-170.
Hackman, J. R., & Oldham, G. R. (1980). Work redesign. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
Heckhausen, J. (2000).Evolutionary perspectives on human motivation. American Behavioral Scientist, 43, 1015-1029.
Heckhausen, J., & Schulz, R. (1995). A life span theory of control. Psychological
Review, 102, 284-304.
Heckhausen, J. (1997). Developmental regulation across adulthood: Primary and secondary control of age-related challenges. Developmental Psychology, 33, 176-187.
Heckhausen, J. (1999). Developmental regulation in adulthood: Age-normative and sociostructural constraints as adaptive challenges. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Heckhausen, J., & Schulz, R. (1999). The primacy of primary control is a human universal: A reply to Gould`s (1999) critique of life-span theory of control. Psychological Review, 106, 605-609.
Karasek, R., Kawakami N., Brisson, C., Houtman, I. L. D., Bongers, P. M., & Amick, B. (1998). The Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ): An instrument for internationally comparative assessments of psychosocial job characteristics, Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 3, 322-355.
Kempen, G. I. J. M., Ranchor, A. V., Ormel, J., Van Sonderen, E., Van Jaarsveld, C. H. M., & Sanderman, R. (2005). Perceived control and long-term changes in disability in late middle-aged and older persons: An eight-year follow-up study. Psychology and Health, 20, 193-206.
Klehe, U. C., Zikic, J., Van Vianen, A. E. M. & De Pater, I. E. (2011). Career adaptability, turnover and loyalty during organizational downsizing. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 79, 217-229.
Korner, A., Reitzle, M., & Silbereisen, R. K. (2011). Work-related demands and life satisfaction: The effects of engagement and disengagement among employed and long-term unemployed people. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80, 187-196.
Korner, A., Silbereisen, R. K., & Canter, U. (2012). Work-related demands emanating from social change and their relation to trait-like and occasion specific aspect of subjective well-being. Social Indicators Research, 110, 326-337.
Lawshe, C. H. (1975). A quantitative approach to content validity. Personnel Pychology, 28, 563-575.
Parkes, R. (1990). Coping, negative affectivity, and the work environment; Additive and interactive predictors of mental health. The Journal of
Applied Psychology, 75, 399-409.
Pinquart, M., Silbereisen, R. K., & Körner, A. (2009). A perceived work-related demands associated with social change, control strategies, and psychological well-being. European Psychologist, 14, 207-209.
Pomaki, G., Karoly, P., & Maes, S. (2009).Linking goal progress to subjective well-being at work: The moderating role of goal-related self-efficacy and attainability. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 14, 206-18.
Roeser, R. W., Strobel, K. R. & Quihuis, G. (2002). Studying early adolescents' academic motivation, social-emotional functioning, and engagement in learning: Variable- and person-centered approaches.
Anxiety, Stress & Coping, 15, 345-368.
Ron, P. (2008). Relations between work stressors and well-being among nursing assistants in nursing homes. Aging Clinical Experimental Research, 20, 359-67.
Ryan, M. R., & Deci, E. L. (2000).Self-determination theory and the facilitation intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American Psychologist, 55, 68-78.
Salmela-Aro, K., & Nurmi, J. E. (2004). Employees' motivational orientation and well-being at work: A person-oriented approach. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 17, 471-489.
Schmits, L. (2006). A tool for cluster development: An Edmonton Manufacturing Cluster Development Case Study, 2nd edition, Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Silbereisen, R. K., Pinquort, M., Reitzel, M., Tomasik, M. J., Fabel, K., & Grumer, S. (2006). Psychological resource and coping with change. Mitteilungendes SFB, 580, 1-27.
Souza, M. D, Mussap, A. J., & Cummins R. A. ( 2010).Primary and secondary control over eating behaviors. Eating Behaviors, 11, 223-230.
Spreitzer, G. M., & Mishra, A. K. (2002). To stay or to go: Voluntary survivor turnover following an organizational downsizing. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 23, 707-729.
Tuominen-Soini, H., Salmela-Aro, K., & Niemivirta, M. (2008). Achievement goal orientations and subjective well-being: A person-
centred analysis. Learning and Instruction, 18, 251-266.
Van der Hulst, M., Van Veldhoven, M., & Beckers, D. (2006). Overtime and need for recovery in relation to job demands and job control. Journal of Occupational Health, 48, 11-19.
Vanroelen, C., Levecque, K., Moors, G., Gadeyne, S., & Louckx, F. (2009). The structuring of occupational stressors in a Post-Fordist work environment: Moving beyond traditional accounts of demand, control, and support. Social Science and Medicine, 68, 1082-1090.
Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS
scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54, 1063-1070.
Wrosch, C., Heckhausen, J. (1999). Control process before and after passing a developmental deadline: Activation and deactivation of intimate relationship goals. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77, 415-427.
Wrosch, C., Schulz, R., & Heckhausen, J. (2004). Health stresses and depressive symptomatology in the elderly: control-process approach. American Psychological Society, 13, 17-20.
Wrosch, C., Scheier, M. F., Miller, G. E., Schulz, R., & Carver, C. S. (2003). Adaptive self-regulation of unattainable goals: Goal disengagement, goal reengagement, and subjective well-being. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 29, 1494-1508.
Wrosch, C., Schulz, R., & Heckhausen, J. (2002). Health stresses and depressive symptomatology in the elderly: The importance of health engagement control strategies. Health Psychology, 21, 340-348.