A review of bioactive ceramic fillers in polymers
Subject Areas :
Mehdi Ghaffari
1
,
Maryam Shokrollahi
2
,
Saeed GilakHakimabadi
3
1 - Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Golestan University, Gorgan, Golestan Province, Iran
2 - Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Golestan University, Gorgan, Golestan Province, Iran
3 -
Keywords: Bioactive filler, polymer nanocomposite, bio-ceramic, nanoparticles, implant,
Abstract :
Due to their ease of adaptability in terms of size, shape, composition, and high surface-to-volume ratio, nanoparticles (NPs) have been widely utilized in biomedical applications. In recent years, various types of nanoparticles have been specifically investigated to determine how they can be employed in osteogenesis, tissue engineering, drug delivery, bio-imaging agents, and diagnostic and therapeutic tools. The facile synthesis of these nanoparticles, along with enhanced stability, reduced toxicity, and the ability to conjugate with a wide range of biomolecules such as peptides, proteins, antibodies, and aptamers to improve biocompatibility and bio-targeting, highlights their importance as key components in the development of effective and innovative therapies. Among these, the use of bioceramics has brought fundamental changes to the biomedical field, particularly through their application in the fabrication of implants compatible with the human body. Many bioceramics have been employed as implant materials over the past three decades, and extensive efforts have been devoted to improving their biocompatibility and mechanical strength through combination with polymers. Consequently, special attention has been directed toward the production of polymer/ceramic composites. These hybrid biomaterials have been validated after rigorous in vitro and in vivo biological evaluations. This review provides a comprehensive overview of these materials, their modification and property enhancement strategies, clinical applications, and future research directions in this promising area of biomaterials science.
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